FlaringFlaring Overview Reduce flaring Go to section OverviewReduce flaring Home Search Results Gas flaring contributes significantly to upstream sector emissions. TGT’s diagnostics locate the source of unwanted gas enabling it to be sealed off, thereby reducing the need to flare.Reduce flaring At an estimated 310 MtCO2, routine and non-routine gas flaring is one of the largest and most pervasive sources of upstream CO2, accounting for ~30% of all upstream emissions globally. During oil production, associated gas is produced from the reservoir together with the oil. Much of this gas is utilised, but excess gas is flared because of technical, regulatory, or economic constraints. Understanding the source is a key step in minimising the flaring of excess gas.   If unwanted gas is produced unexpectedly from targeted or non-targeted formation layers, it may be possible to shut this off if the source can be precisely located. Conventional well diagnostics can locate where gas is entering the wellbore, but not always the true source. TGT’s True Flow and Seal Integrity products can identify the primary source and pathways of unwanted gas from formations beyond the wellbore, even behind casing. This can lead the way to stopping the gas and its associated flaring. Flaring is responsible for more than 30% of all upstream CO2 emissions.

Water managementWater management Overview Resource management Improve injection performance Reduce water production Go to section OverviewResource managementImprove injection performanceReduce water production Home Search Results Water is a precious natural resource that is used prolifically by the industry for a wide range of purposes, such as drilling, reservoir injection, cementing and hydraulic fracturing.Improve natural resource management Water is a precious natural resource that is used prolifically by the industry for a wide range of purposes, such as drilling, reservoir injection, cementing and hydraulic fracturing. Water can come from recycled sources, but in some areas it is sourced from natural aquifers or the oceans, and this can cause an ecological imbalance. It’s important that water is used sparingly and efficiently.   Apart from the large amounts of water used for injection, hydraulic fracturing and chemical also needs huge amounts of water to be effective. TGT has developed two specific answer products in our True Flow range that help operators assess the effectiveness of fracturing and stimulation operations—Fracture Flow and Stimulate Flow. These surveys can be deployed pre- and post-operations to help optimise fracturing and stimulation programmes, and potentially reduce associated water usage. RESERVOIR FLOW CASE STUDY A typical hydraulic fracturing job uses 5-10 million gallons of water per well. Improve injection performance Most oil reservoirs will inevitably require additional pressure support to maintain production and improve oil recovery. Water injection is used widely for this purpose and many oilfields are injected with tens to hundreds of thousands of barrels per day. Pumping water is energy intensive and the resulting CO2 emissions can range from 1-2 kgCO2 per barrel. In fact, water injection is responsible for ~40% of total CO2 emissions for a typical oilfield.   Making matters worse, well completion and formation integrity issues can lead to water being diverted away from the target reservoir. This can result in abnormally high injection rates, reduced field production performance, and high water cut in producer wells. TGT’s True Flow products are being used globally by operators to ensure that all injected water is reaching the target and revealing where it is not. In many cases, these diagnostics lead to a significant reduction in water volumes and CO2 emissions, and increased field production. RESERVOIR FLOW CASE STUDYFIBRE FLOW CASE STUDY Pumping 10,000 barrels of water per day produces 5.4 ktCO2 annually. Reduce water production High water cut is a persistent industry challenge responsible for unnecessarily high CO2 emissions and higher carbon per barrel. Excess water needs to be managed at surface, treated then reinjected or disposed of, and this requires energy. Also, excess water often means less oil, reduced recovery and longer production times, increasing emissions even further. And complicating the issue, produced water may be channeling from several elusive sources hidden behind the casing.   In many cases, excess water cut can be minimised or cured. If the operator can identify the true source of water downhole, measures can be taken to shut-off the water and restore oil production to lower carbon and economic levels. TGT’s True Flow products are used widely for this purpose. Unlike conventional diagnostics that can only detect water entering the wellbore, TGT’s through-barrier diagnostics can reveal the true source behind casing, enabling effective remediation, improved recovery rates and reduced carbon emissions. MULTI-SEAL INTEGRITY CASE STUDYTOTAL FLOW CASE STUDY High water-cut leads to higher CO2 barrel and lower oil production rates

Flow diagnostics perfected for horizontal wells TGT’s Horizontal Flow product powered by Cascade3 technology overcomes the drawbacks of conventional production surveys, delivering a continuous flow profile in a wide variety of completion and reservoir scenarios, including fractured formations.  Hydrocarbon reservoirs are generally more horizontal in shape than vertical, so it makes sense that horizontal wells drilled through them provide more contact and productivity than vertical wells. However, the economic and efficiency gains of horizontal wells is matched by the complexity of managing them and the reservoirs they drain. This hefty task rests with the asset teams that must recover the maximum quantity of hydrocarbons in the safest, cleanest, and most economical way possible. Horizontal Flow brochure TGT’s new Horizontal Flow diagnostics product has been created to provide asset teams with the flow insights they need to manage horizontal well and reservoir performance more effectively.   Underpinning Horizontal Flow diagnostics is the all-new Cascade3 flow analysis platform. Cascade3 is purpose-built for horizontal wells and incorporates the industry’s most advanced thermodynamic and hydrodynamic modelling codes to transform temperature, pressure, and other well system data into continuous reservoir flow profiles. Crucially, the flow profiles reflect flow activity in and out of the reservoir, delivering the truest picture possible of inflow and outflow downhole, even in the most challenging wells. Challenges Understanding flow dynamics in the well system is the key to unlocking better well and reservoir performance, and this is especially true for horizontal wells. Flow inside the wellbore of a horizontal well can be challenging to decipher, but flow outside is even more complex, and way beyond the reach of conventional production surveys.   Horizontal Flow powered by Cascade3 can decode the complex scenarios that are typical in horizontal wells, revealing flow where it matters most—at the reservoir. This enables asset teams to solve daily challenges with confidence and certainty. Accessing reliable flow profiles Locating water/gas breakthrough Maintaining an accurate reservoir model Measuring effective pay length Making accurate reserves assessments Revealing crossflow Assessing ICDs and packers Assessing fractures Making accurate production forecasts Optimising completion designs Benefits Horizontal Flow with Cascade3 is the most powerful flow diagnostic resource ever created for horizontal well systems. The range of benefits provided is perfectly aligned with the needs of Reservoir Engineers in managing reservoir performance, and Production Engineers in managing well performance. The accurate and continuous flow profiles from Horizontal Flow are fundamental to driving both. Increase ultimate recovery Reduce opex and unit cost per barrel Reduce CO2 emissions Optimise life-of-asset production Extend economic life of asset Maintain or increase production capacity Minimise water or unwanted gas production Improve dynamic reservoir model Improve sweep efficiency Optimise fracture programs Full benefits table can be found here. Resources Product flyers(22) Case studies(36) Product animations(21) Platform flyers(8) System flyers(2) More(183) Hardware specifications(7) Technical papers(128) Intellectual property(48) White papers(0) Resources Related Systems & Platforms True Flow System Well systems connect reservoirs to the surface so injectors and producers can flow to and from the right place. LEARN MORE Platforms Cascade3 Cascade Chorus Indigo Maxim

Validate sealing performance of completion packers Completion packers are an essential part of the integrity envelope, but their sealing performance can degrade over time. Rapid diagnosis is essential to restore safe and productive operations.   Packer Seal Integrity evaluates the seal performance of packers, locating leaks quickly and with precision.   Delivered by our True Integrity system using the Chorus (acoustic) platform; Packer Seal Integrity provides a clear and convenient diagnosis of packer integrity so the right corrective action can be taken.   Packer Seal Integrity is used in a targeted fashion to diagnose suspected packer leaks, and proactively to ensure correct operation. With proper diagnosis, the well can be restored to normal operations. Challenges Evaluate seal integrity and sealing performance of completion packers Sustained pressure in A-annulus (SAP/SCP) Abnormal production or injection performance Annular fluid loss Leaking packers Investigate long and short string communication in dual completions Benefits Locate packer leaks rapidly, accurately and completely Locate true source of SAP in A-annulus Mitigate integrity risk and ensure regulatory compliance Rapid deployment through tubing minimises disruption and cost Better remediation decisions, precisely targeted Optimise or validate pre- or post-workover or P&A programmes Resources Product flyers(22) Case studies(36) Product animations(21) Platform flyers(8) System flyers(2) More(183) Hardware specifications(7) Technical papers(128) Intellectual property(48) White papers(0) Resources Related Systems & Platforms True Integrity System Flow isn't workable without integrity. And system integrity depends on the collective integrity of the tubes, seals and barriers that make a well function. LEARN MORE Platforms Chorus Indigo Maxim MediaPacker Seal Integrity gives you the clarity and insight needed to manage well system performance more effectively.Well sketch shows a range of typical packer leaks and unwanted flowpaths – that Packer Seal Integrity can diagnose.Indicative logplot for Packer Seal Integrity Chorus data indicates a clear signature of packer seal failure, identified at packer P1 location. At P1 location there is a high amplitude, wide frequency acoustic signal which is typical for leaks.