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  • ChorusX

    The industry’s most advanced acoustic sensing and analysis platform Bringing a new level of clarity, precision, and certainty to well system acoustics A flowing well is full of sound encoded with information about the flow that created it. This, and the fact that sound energy penetrates through well and reservoir materials, is why acoustics has become a powerful diagnostic technique for locating and characterising flow. However, the fidelity and resolution of the sound recording, and the effectiveness of processing and analysis technologies all have a direct bearing on the accuracy and certainty of the diagnosis and resulting decisions.   The well reservoir system is a challenging environment for capturing and analysing the high-fidelity sound required for precise diagnostics. There is a combination of materials and fluids with different acoustic properties, multiple boundaries and mechanical noise that act together to create a complex spectrum of acoustic energy. Decoding the sound and extracting useful flow information from this cacophony requires a special combination of technology, expertise, and experience.   TGT has been advancing the use of acoustics to locate and characterise flow in the well system for two decades. The Chorus brand is already recognised for its sensitivity and dynamic range when capturing high-fidelity flow sounds. Our new generation ChorusX platform takes this acoustic capability to a whole new level to deliver exceptional precision, clarity and certainty. ChorusX brochure ChorusX ingredients ChorusX is the sum of many parts that work in concert to deliver a range of important benefits to analysts and customers. Each ingredient is special in its own way, but the big wins occur when they are multiplied together.   Features Explained Benefits ChorusX has been designed to overcome the limitations of conventional acoustic technology and to provide the three essential capabilities of an effective flow-finding resource.   Reach Ultrahigh sensitivity and extreme dynamic range give ChorusX the spatial and audible reach to record the furthest and quietest flows.   Identify Four new high-definition acoustic maps enable analysts to recognise and distinguish different types of flow easily and confidently.   Locate Eight high-definition array sensors and a unique phase analysis engine work join forces to pinpoint flow sources everywhere in the well system in depth, and radial distance. Diagnostics products and applications Well systems perform by connecting the right fluids to the right places, and mapping flow dynamics downhole is essential to keeping wells safe, clean and productive. ChorusX provides asset teams with the flow insights they need to manage well and reservoir performance more effectively.   As an integral part of TGT’s ‘True Flow’ and ‘True Integrity’ diagnostic systems, ChorusX capability is available through a range of application-specific answer products. Through these answer products, ChorusX delivers clear, complementary answers that enable analysts and customers to reach an accurate diagnosis more efficiently. A robust and accurate picture of the well system enables better decisions and positive outcomes. This means that, when remediation plans are being implemented, there is a greater prospect of first-time success.   True Flow products help asset teams to understand flow dynamics between the reservoir formations and the well completion. Notably, these answer products reveal flow where it matters most—at the reservoir. Some of the distinct True Flow applications and benefits brought by ChorusX include fracture assessment, delineating active formations, and distinguishing between reservoir flow and completion flow.   True Integrity / Seal Integrity products help asset teams to validate the performance of seals and barriers throughout the well system, including packers, cemented annuli, tubulars, and valves. Typical applications for ChorusX include revealing low-rate leaks, tracing the source of B and C annulus pressure, and resolving leaks in close proximity to each other. Resources Platform flyers(8) Hardware specifications(7) Case studies(36) Technical papers(128) Intellectual property(48) More(45) Product flyers(22) System flyers(2) White papers(0) Product animations(21) Resources

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    TGT Diagnostics #KnowYourFlow camapign wins Gold at the Transform Awards MEA 2023

    Dubai, UAE – 24 May 2023   TGT announced today that its ‘Horizontal Flow powered by Cascade3 brand strategy and brand campaign won Gold for “Best visual identity from the energy and utilities sector” , as well as ‘highly commended’ in two other categories for 'Best Development of a New Brand Within an Existing Brand Portfolio' and 'Best Strategic or Creative Development of a New Brand', at the tenth annual Transform Awards MEA 2023.   This is the third cluster of brand accolades TGT received from the Transform awards, following its previous Gold and Silver success for the total brand transformation of its ‘TGT Diagnostics’ parent brand and Pulse1 brand strategy.   This is a tremendous achievement for the company and a credit to our talented brand team”, commented Ken Feather, Chief Marketing Officer, TGT. “We engineered and produced all aspects of the Horizontal Flow powered by Cascade3 brand, from consumer research to positioning, developing brand codes, sales collateral, media content and executing an ambitious communications campaign #KnowYourFlow. To win alongside so many iconic brands and professional brand agencies is an outstanding result. I’m very proud of the team”, continued Ken.   Horizontal Flow powered by Cascade3 technology delivers accurate assessments of flow dynamics in horizontal wells, enabling asset teams to manage well and reservoir performance more effectively, helping energy producers keep wells safe, clean and productive.   “Horizontal wells promise enormous efficiency and economic gains but are notoriously challenging to manage. Horizontal Flow with Cascade3 solves many of the diagnostic challenges faced by Reservoir and Production Engineers, providing them with the insights they need to reduce operating costs and energy consumption and increase ultimate recovery.” added Ken. Established in 2009, the annual Transform Awards recognise the most innovative, creative and successful brand work across the world. Covering seven regions, this prestigious awards programme focuses on specific aspects of the branding process and provides a platform to benchmark and showcase exemplary work in brand strategy and development.   Andrew Thomas, publishing editor of Transform magazine and founder of the Transform Awards, says, “For the past 10 years, the Transform Awards has benchmarked the best of brand strategy, creativity and design in the Middle East and Africa region. Tonight’s ceremony truly demonstrated the transformative power of brand strategy and design, and we look forward to carrying on these celebrations over the next decade.   TGT continues to focus on providing diagnostic solutions that help the oil and gas industry reduce emissions and achieve carbon-zero targets, enabling a sustainable energy future for everyone. Transform Awards MEA 2023 winners

  • Locations

    TGT LocationsSmall teams, global presenceNorth and South AmericaEuropeAfricaHeadquartersArabian Gulf RegionSouthern Gulf RegionKazakhstanSoutheast Asia RegionNorthern Gulf RegionAsia Pacific Region North and South America (2) Europe (3) Africa (1) Headquarters (1) Arabian Gulf Region (2) Southern Gulf Region (5) Kazakhstan (1) Southeast Asia Region (2) Northern Gulf Region (3) Asia Pacific Region (4) North and South America (2)Canada/Julian Martin +1 (832) 492-6155canada@tgtdiagnostics.comUSA1304 Langham Creek, Suite 440, Houston, TX 77084, USA Julian Martin +1 (832) 492-6155usa@tgtdiagnostics.com Europe (3)NorwayForusparken 2, Ground Floor (Regus), N-4031, Stavanger, NorwaySergey Feoktistov+47 513 07 087europe@tgtdiagnostics.comUKAtlantic House, 23 Commerce Street, Aberdeen, UK, AB11 5FE Mohammad Abshenas +44 7437 925924europe@tgtdiagnostics.comEuropeAtlantic House, 23 Commerce Street, Aberdeen, UK, AB11 5FE Mohammad Abshenas+44 7437 925924europe@tgtdiagnostics.com Africa (1)Africa/Sultan Sikander+44 7932 709 005africa@tgtdiagnostics.com Headquarters (1)Dubai, UAEOffice #907, 9th floor, Platinum Tower, Jumeirah Lake Towers (JLT), Dubai, UAE, PO Box: 334585 Joy Resueno +971 4 431 4904askus@tgtdiagnostics.com Arabian Gulf Region (2)Saudi Arabia Facility #2, Ibn Sina District, Southern Khobar, Eastern Province, KSAKarim Ammar+966 566 623 288karim.ammar@tgtdiagnostics.comBahrain/Ehsan Murad Hasan+966 50 65 777 99ehsan.murad@tgtdiagnostics.com Southern Gulf Region (5)UAEOffice 1201, Al Gaith Tower, Hamdan St, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 62023Badar Al Hadrami +968 2460 4800sgr@tgtdiagnostics.comQatar 3rd Floor, Tower-A, Shoumoukh Towers C-Ring Road, Fereej Bin Mahmoud Doha, Qatar PO Box 39447Badar Al Hadrami +968 2460 4800sgr@tgtdiagnostics.comOmanWater-Front, unit 207, 2nd Floor, Way 3017, Shatti Qurum, Al Shatti Beach, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman | PC 134, PO Box 223Badar Al Hadrami +968 2460 4800 sgr@tgtdiagnostics.comEgypt/Sherif Borhan+20 122 7879086sgr@tgtdiagnostics.comPakistanBadar Al Hadrami +92 51 846 6200 sgr@tgtdiagnostics.com Kazakhstan (1)Kazakhstan Office 313, Business Center "Capital Plaza" 46 A.Moldagulova Ave 030012 Aqtobe City, Kazakhstan Azamat Makashev +7 777 554 2513kazakhstan@tgtdiagnostics.com Southeast Asia Region (2)Malaysia4th Floor, East Block Wisma Golden Eagle Realty 142-B, Jalan Ampang 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sean Renwick+60194336895Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.comBrunei /Sean Renwick+60194336895Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.com Northern Gulf Region (3)KurdistanMaksim Gladkiy+971 50 1413275maksim.gladkiy@tgtdiagnostics.comIraqMaksim Gladkiy+971 50 1413275maksim.gladkiy@tgtdiagnostics.comKuwaitEastern Plaza Complex, Block 8, Plot 42 East Ahmadi, KuwaitMaksim Gladkiy+971 50 1413275tgt_kuwait@tgtdiagnostics.com Asia Pacific Region (4)China/Michael Wilson+447516442481Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.comAustralia/Michael Wilson+447516442481Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.comIndonesia /Michael Wilson+447516442481Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.comIndia/Michael Wilson+447516442481Asiapacific@tgtdiagnostics.com

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    A clearer picture of flow in horizontal wells

    "Horizontal wells can be both challenging and rewarding." Article featured in Oil Review Middle East (article link)   Managing their performance is a complex task for petroleum engineers and asset teams. But, with the right strategies in place, a horizontal well will usually deliver much higher levels of productivity than could be achieved with a vertical well. TGT’s new Horizontal Flow diagnostics technology has been designed to assess flow in horizontal wells and to deliver a clearer picture of well-system behaviour.     Flow inside the wellbore of a horizontal well can be challenging to decipher, but flow outside is even more complex, and way beyond the reach of conventional production logging (PL) surveys. For years, petroleum engineers have been searching for better survey options in horizontal wells and for systems that could deliver continuous flow profiles across different completion and reservoir scenarios. TGT has addressed these needs with its Horizontal Flow product, an advanced flow-diagnostics resource powered by Cascade3 technology.     This innovative technology features a powerful modelling and simulation engine that predicts the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic behaviour of fluids and their surroundings as those fluids flow through the well-reservoir system. Horizontal Flow is specifically designed for use in horizontal wells and, using the industry’s most advanced hydrodynamic and thermodynamic modelling technologies, it can translate temperature, pressure, and other well-system data into continuous reservoir flow profiles.     These profiles deliver a true picture of inflow and outflow even in challenging wells, such as those with natural or hydraulically induced fractures. The new technology evaluates the common types of flow pattern encountered in horizontal well systems (radial, spherical and linear/fracture), thereby making it possible to assess the linear flow occurring in fractures and to determine fracture contribution. This is particularly useful when combined with the Chorus acoustic sensing system that identifies fracture locations.     Horizontal Flow helps asset teams: • establish reliable, continuous flow profiles • locate water or gas breakthroughs • reduce carbon per barrel • maintain a more accurate reservoir model • measure effective pay length • make more accurate reserves assessments • reveal crossflow problems • evaluate the performance of inflow control devices and packers • assess fractures • make more accurate production forecasts • optimise completion designs.     Production engineers, reservoir engineers and the wider asset team need to ensure that each well system performs to expectations by achieving production targets and maximising recovery. Effective management of horizontal wells can deliver huge production benefits. TGT’s new Horizontal Flow diagnostics technology offers clearer insights and helps keep well and reservoir performance on track.

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    Case studies
    CS035 Fracture Flow

    Challenge Multistage fracturing is a highly effective development strategy for ultralow- to low-permeability reservoirs. However, in uncemented completions with fracturing sleeves and packers, it can be challenging to identify fracture initiation points and confirm the number of fractures initiated in each treatment.   A lateral wellbore in a horizontal gas producer was completed with more than 3,000 ft of open hole (OH) section across five fracturing stages in a high-temperature and high-pressure tight-gas interval. This well presented several key challenges.   With OH intervals ranging from 200 to almost 1,000 ft, the operator could not be sure how many fractures had been created or where precisely these fractures were located. The initial stage plan was not sufficient to guide packer placement. Placement had to be decided in conjunction with the caliper log and gauged hole analysis. Interstage communication owing to packer bypass or ball failure is a common problem in completions of this kind. This can be caused by higher differential pressure being exerted on the packers during fracturing. Figure 1: Active frac ports and fracture distribution across all stages and three bypassed packers. Solution Fracture Flow is delivered by TGT’s analysts and engineers using the True Flow system with Chorus and Cascade platforms. Integrating insights from a Chorus acoustic survey and Cascade temperature and flow modelling with the production logs, OH logs and calculated rock mechanical properties provides a better understanding of the fracturing process, completion performance and production performance in an OH multistage fracturing completion.   Chorus acoustics and Cascade flow modelling provided a quantitative assessment of flowing fractures and stagewise production from the reservoir behind the liner.   Multi-array production logging results quantified the flow and flow profile inside the horizontal liner. The integration of datasets was conducted in a single deployment to deliver a comprehensive understanding of well completion and production, including clear identification of water-producing intervals. Figure 2: Flow geometry and contribution across the horizontal section. Result The Fracture Flow diagnostic programme evaluated the active fracture ports and fracture contribution in each stage. It also enabled the team to assess the packers, completion integrity, and production distribution behind the liner (Figure 1). Multi-array production logging was used to investigate the flow profile entering the liner.   The survey results identified 34 active fractures and showed that some flow was bypassing several packers. Figure 2 shows the reservoir flow profile provided by Cascade and the True Flow system. Most fractures were clustered around Stage 4 and Stage 5, and this had a major impact on production. Survey results revealed good completion integrity overall, with only three bypassed hydraulic packers. The dual packer isolation systems were shown to prevent communication between contributing stages.   Based on the comprehensive analysis result the water being produced from all fracture entry ports except Stage 5, where water contribution was minimal. Engineering work decreased the water–gas ratio to 5%.

  • Decarbonise with diagnostics

    Decarbonise with diagnosticsDecarbonise with diagnostics Overview Decarbonise video Greenhouse gas emissions How can TGT help? Applications Go to section OverviewDecarbonise videoGreenhouse gas emissionsHow can TGT help?Applications Home Search Results Global warming, climate change, and hydrocarbons Today, global warming is an existential crisis facing our planet and all of its inhabitants. Climate science tells us that if global average temperatures rise more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, the impact could become catastrophic and irreversible.   In the oil and gas industry, we are all aware of the very real impact the climate crisis is having on society and the planet. Whilst we provide energy for the world to prosper, the way most of this energy is produced as well as consumed, is ultimately leading to climate change.   Whilst we continue to develop clean energy solutions, the reality is that ~56% of the global energy mix continues to come from hydrocarbons, and it will take years, if not decades, before the balance shifts to cleaner sources. Global warming, climate change, with diagnostics Today, global warming is an existential crisis facing our planet and all of its inhabitants. Climate science tells us that if global average temperatures rise more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, the impact could become catastrophic and irreversible.   In the oil and gas industry, we are all aware of the very real impact the climate crisis is having on society and the planet. Whilst we provide energy for the world to prosper, the way most of this energy is produced as well as consumed, is ultimately leading to climate change.   Whilst we continue to develop clean energy solutions, the reality is that ~56% of the global energy mix continues to come from hydrocarbons, and it will take years, if not decades, before the balance shifts to cleaner sources. Watch our video to find out moreGreenhouse gas emissions in GtCO2e Every barrel of oil or gas equivalent has a carbon overhead because of the energy consumed to produce it, the flaring of gas, and the leakage or venting of methane from well infrastructure. In 2019, upstream activities released ~2.9 GtCO2e, or ~6% of the total annual greenhouse gases produced by human activity.   As suppliers of energy to society, our industry has a vital role to play in taking action today to achieve a low-carbon future.   TGT is at the forefront of this with our diagnostics-led sustainability framework. With this, our role is to help oil and gas producers deliver energy through the transition, but with significantly lower environmental impact. Every barrel of oil or gas equivalent has a carbon overhead because of the energy consumed to produce it, the flaring of gas, and the leakage or venting of methane from well infrastructure. In 2019, upstream activities released ~2.9 GtCO2e, or ~6% of the total annual greenhouse gases produced by human activity.   As suppliers of energy to society, our industry has a vital role to play in taking action today to achieve a low-carbon future.   TGT is at the forefront of this with our diagnostics-led sustainability framework. With this, our role is to help oil and gas producers deliver energy through the transition, but with significantly lower environmental impact. How can TGT help you reduce your carbon footprint? TGT is a different kind of company. Our unique technology and fresher thinking take us beyond the traditional restrictions of the wellbore, seeing more, seeing further. We create powerful diagnostics that help you to keep wells safe, clean and productive.   Our diagnostics help operators and regulators achieve their NetZero targets by revealing inefficiencies in energy-intensive operations and locating sources of greenhouse gas. Equipped with the right information, our customers can take evasive action to improve energy efficiency, decarbonise operations and reduce environmental impact. We’re out of time. Not options.We’re out of time. Not options.Applications There are several areas where TGT can help you to reduce emissions and support your sustainability targets: Energy and resource efficiency Flaring Methane emissions Pollution Water management Carbon capture and storage Enabling cleaner energy

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    Case studies
    CS033 Total Flow

    Challenge High water cut in producing wells leads to unnecessarily high carbon dioxide emissions and increased carbon-per-barrel rates. Managing, treating, and reinjecting or disposing of excess water requires large amounts of energy, making water cut reduction a key area for performance improvement. Well OP-1 was completed in 1971 as a vertical oil producer and it features a large number of perforated zones from numerous campaigns over the course of its operational history. The oil production rate was approximately 100 bpd, which was considered uneconomic, and the operators decided to switch the completion zone to boost production and enhance recovery from the field.   Following a workover in December 2018, the well was put back on production from the new completion zone (B2), but unexpected water production was observed. The total liquid rate was more than twice the projected level and the water cut was about 80%. The production gas–oil ratio at the separator was lower than expected when compared with a PVT analysis of the B2 zone in a nearby well. Furthermore, water analysis results for well OP-1 were close to the existing results from other completion zones, which indicated substantial water entry from an unknown source. Figure 1: Pre-workover diagnostics survey reveals that the main source of water is non- perforated water-bearing Zone B1. Solution Conventional production logging tools such as spinner and multiphase sensors can provide a production profile inside the wellbore, but cannot identify behind-casing communication with water-bearing formations or crossflow.   The field operator selected TGT’s Total Flow diagnostics to determine whether behind-casing crossflow was the cause of high water cut in well OP-1 and to locate the water source. The combination of TGT’s Chorus spectral acoustic survey with standard production logging tools enabled the survey team to identify behind-casing flow (Figure 1). TGT’s Indigo and Cascade technology was also used to quantify the low flow rates. Figure 2: Post-workover survey confirms the effectiveness of the remedial work and the elimination of water entry from Zone B1. Result Analysis of the survey results indicated that the crossflow from the previously isolated perforated zones was less than 1% of the total. About 30% of the liquid inflow was coming from the targeted perforated interval (Zone B2). The main unwanted production (approximately 69%) was coming from the non-perforated water-bearing Zone B1 and was the result of behind-casing crossflow (Figure 2). A remedial workover was conducted in September 2019 to address the crossflow issue. A cement evaluation log showed that the cement condition above the Zone B2 perforation interval was improved and a successful pressure test (3,000 psig) against Zone B2 was performed. The productive Zone B2 was stimulated once more using a revised procedure.   A flowback test conducted before the second survey showed that there had been a significant decrease in water production with time, and water cut was 0% in the post-workover survey. Both Chorus and Indigo data analysis confirmed that inflow was from only the targeted interval with no evidence of behind-casing communication with Zone B1 (Figure 3).   TGT’s True Flow enabled the field operator to identify the water source and shut it off, thereby increasing oil production, lowering carbon intensity and improving well economics

  • Pollution

    PollutionPollution Overview Reduce fugitive emissions Secure abandoned wells Eliminate Pollution Go to section OverviewReduce fugitive emissionsSecure abandoned wellsEliminate Pollution Home Search Results Oil and other liquids can leak from active wells and abandoned or ‘orphaned’ wells. TGT diagnostics locate the source and flowpaths of rogue leaks so they can be sealed off, reducing pollution.Reduce fugitive emissions Well systems are designed to connect high-pressure oil or gas in deep underground reservoirs to surface flowlines securely with full containment. Rigorous industry standards necessitate the presence of at least two ‘integrity barriers’ between produced fluids and the environment outside of the well system. Occasionally, one or more barriers can fail allowing fluids to escape, sometimes with dire consequences.   Apart from the major oil leaks that make headlines, some smaller oil and gas leaks can continue undetected for years, especially if they are hidden underground or migrate far from the well system. TGT’s Seal Integrity products are designed to locate even the smallest seal failure anywhere within the well system, enabling precise targeted repair. Used proactively, the same diagnostics can be used routinely to ensure well barriers are intact at all times, reducing fugitive emissions. MULTI-SEAL INTEGRITY CASE STUDY Methane emissions from upstream oil and gas operations are 1.9 GtCO2e annually. Secure orphan and abandoned wells Orphan wells typically have no legal owner and may have been abandoned without undergoing a proper decommissioning or plugging process. Methane or liquid emissions from orphan wells can be significant contaminants, especially when the number of orphan or incorrectly decommissioned wells is thought to be in the millions globally. The burden of responsibility for these wells typically falls with operators, regulators or local government, and permanently sealing them is a top priority.   Validating well barrier status and revealing emission sources downhole inside the well system is the first step in sealing these wells properly. TGT’s Seal Integrity and Tube Integrity surveys are used to achieve exactly that. Precision diagnostic insights inform and guide the decommissioning agent to design and execute an effective plugging programme. This approach is equally applicable for any well decommissioning operation, not just for orphan wells, helping operators to secure them efficiently and cost effectively. Regulators estimate >3.5 million abandoned wells in US emit 7.1 mtCO2e annually. Eliminate pollution According to the ISO standard for ‘well integrity’ (ISO/TS 16530-2), a typical well system contains 26 potential leak paths that could lead to fluids escaping the well system. This is why the standard calls for a ‘dual barrier’ approach underpinned by routine testing of well barriers. Despite these efforts, oil or other harmful fluids such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can sometimes spill to the environment.   In most cases these spills are visible or detected quickly, enabling operators to take urgent action. However, sometimes they may go undetected for months or years because there is no visible warning. An example of this might be oil or gas flowing to and contaminating aquifers. TGT’s Seal Integrity answer products are specifically aimed at locating unwanted fluid flow anywhere within the well system, enabling precise targeted repair. Used proactively, TGT diagnostics can be used to ensure well barriers are intact at all times, reducing the risk of pollution. PRIMARY SEAL INTEGRITY CASE STUDY A typical well system has 26 potential leak points.

  • Flaring

    FlaringFlaring Overview Reduce flaring Go to section OverviewReduce flaring Home Search Results Gas flaring contributes significantly to upstream sector emissions. TGT’s diagnostics locate the source of unwanted gas enabling it to be sealed off, thereby reducing the need to flare.Reduce flaring At an estimated 310 MtCO2, routine and non-routine gas flaring is one of the largest and most pervasive sources of upstream CO2, accounting for ~30% of all upstream emissions globally. During oil production, associated gas is produced from the reservoir together with the oil. Much of this gas is utilised, but excess gas is flared because of technical, regulatory, or economic constraints. Understanding the source is a key step in minimising the flaring of excess gas.   If unwanted gas is produced unexpectedly from targeted or non-targeted formation layers, it may be possible to shut this off if the source can be precisely located. Conventional well diagnostics can locate where gas is entering the wellbore, but not always the true source. TGT’s True Flow and Seal Integrity products can identify the primary source and pathways of unwanted gas from formations beyond the wellbore, even behind casing. This can lead the way to stopping the gas and its associated flaring. Flaring is responsible for more than 30% of all upstream CO2 emissions.

  • Water management

    Water managementWater management Overview Resource management Improve injection performance Reduce water production Go to section OverviewResource managementImprove injection performanceReduce water production Home Search Results Water is a precious natural resource that is used prolifically by the industry for a wide range of purposes, such as drilling, reservoir injection, cementing and hydraulic fracturing.Improve natural resource management Water is a precious natural resource that is used prolifically by the industry for a wide range of purposes, such as drilling, reservoir injection, cementing and hydraulic fracturing. Water can come from recycled sources, but in some areas it is sourced from natural aquifers or the oceans, and this can cause an ecological imbalance. It’s important that water is used sparingly and efficiently.   Apart from the large amounts of water used for injection, hydraulic fracturing and chemical also needs huge amounts of water to be effective. TGT has developed two specific answer products in our True Flow range that help operators assess the effectiveness of fracturing and stimulation operations—Fracture Flow and Stimulate Flow. These surveys can be deployed pre- and post-operations to help optimise fracturing and stimulation programmes, and potentially reduce associated water usage. RESERVOIR FLOW CASE STUDY A typical hydraulic fracturing job uses 5-10 million gallons of water per well. Improve injection performance Most oil reservoirs will inevitably require additional pressure support to maintain production and improve oil recovery. Water injection is used widely for this purpose and many oilfields are injected with tens to hundreds of thousands of barrels per day. Pumping water is energy intensive and the resulting CO2 emissions can range from 1-2 kgCO2 per barrel. In fact, water injection is responsible for ~40% of total CO2 emissions for a typical oilfield.   Making matters worse, well completion and formation integrity issues can lead to water being diverted away from the target reservoir. This can result in abnormally high injection rates, reduced field production performance, and high water cut in producer wells. TGT’s True Flow products are being used globally by operators to ensure that all injected water is reaching the target and revealing where it is not. In many cases, these diagnostics lead to a significant reduction in water volumes and CO2 emissions, and increased field production. RESERVOIR FLOW CASE STUDYFIBRE FLOW CASE STUDY Pumping 10,000 barrels of water per day produces 5.4 ktCO2 annually. Reduce water production High water cut is a persistent industry challenge responsible for unnecessarily high CO2 emissions and higher carbon per barrel. Excess water needs to be managed at surface, treated then reinjected or disposed of, and this requires energy. Also, excess water often means less oil, reduced recovery and longer production times, increasing emissions even further. And complicating the issue, produced water may be channeling from several elusive sources hidden behind the casing.   In many cases, excess water cut can be minimised or cured. If the operator can identify the true source of water downhole, measures can be taken to shut-off the water and restore oil production to lower carbon and economic levels. TGT’s True Flow products are used widely for this purpose. Unlike conventional diagnostics that can only detect water entering the wellbore, TGT’s through-barrier diagnostics can reveal the true source behind casing, enabling effective remediation, improved recovery rates and reduced carbon emissions. MULTI-SEAL INTEGRITY CASE STUDYTOTAL FLOW CASE STUDY High water-cut leads to higher CO2 barrel and lower oil production rates